CBSE 12 Physics · U7
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
CBSE Class 12 Physics Unit VII: dual nature of radiation, photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations, Einstein's photoelectric equation, particle nature of light, matter waves, and de Broglie relation.
Test yourself
A focused, distraction-free run through 26 multiple-choice questions. Hints if you need them; your score at the end.
Difficulty guide
The label describes the problem, not your ability.
1/5 - Foundational
Warm-up setup; checks one basic idea.
2/5 - Routine exam skill
Normal syllabus skill; usually one main rule or interpretation.
3/5 - Standard multi-step
Exam-style problem with multiple steps or a common trap.
4/5 - Hard exam skill
High-end exam problem; combines methods carefully.
5/5 - Challenge
Stretch problem beyond normal exam pressure.
Topic 7.1
Photon Energy and Work Function
Energy quantum, work function, threshold frequency, threshold wavelength, and eV conversion
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Topic 7.2
Photoelectric Observations
Hertz-Lenard observations, intensity, frequency, saturation current, threshold frequency, and stopping potential
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Topic 7.3
Einstein's Photoelectric Equation and Graphs
Stopping potential graphs, Planck constant from slope, threshold frequency, and work function
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Topic 7.4
de Broglie Matter Waves
Matter-wave wavelength, momentum relation, accelerated electrons, and particle comparisons
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Topic 7.5
Integrated Dual-Nature Reasoning
Particle-wave evidence, combined photoelectric and matter-wave calculations, and assertion-reason style reasoning
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