Long answer·Standard multi-step (3/5)·No calculator
Difficulty guide
The label describes the problem, not your ability.
1/5 - Foundational
Warm-up setup; checks one basic idea.
2/5 - Routine exam skill
Normal syllabus skill; usually one main rule or interpretation.
3/5 - Standard multi-step
Exam-style problem with multiple steps or a common trap.
4/5 - Hard exam skill
High-end exam problem; combines methods carefully.
5/5 - Challenge
Stretch problem beyond normal exam pressure.
Question
An ideal gas starts from state A. It may expand either isothermally or adiabatically to the same final volume. The two curves are shown as I and II, with II steeper.
Total: 4 marks
(a) Identify which curve is adiabatic. (1 mark)
(b) For the adiabatic expansion, state the sign of . (1 mark)
(c) For the adiabatic expansion, state the sign of . (1 mark)
(d) Explain why the adiabatic curve lies below the isothermal curve at the same larger volume. (1 mark)
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