Long answer·Standard multi-step (3/5)·No calculator
Difficulty guide
The label describes the problem, not your ability.
1/5 - Foundational
Warm-up setup; checks one basic idea.
2/5 - Routine exam skill
Normal syllabus skill; usually one main rule or interpretation.
3/5 - Standard multi-step
Exam-style problem with multiple steps or a common trap.
4/5 - Hard exam skill
High-end exam problem; combines methods carefully.
5/5 - Challenge
Stretch problem beyond normal exam pressure.
Question
A haloalkane gives substitution product slowly in water. The rate is unchanged when the water concentration is increased, and an optically active sample gives nearly racemic product. Deduce the mechanism and justify it.
Total: 3 marks
(a) Name the mechanism. (1 mark)
(b) Use the rate observation to support your answer. (1 mark)
(c) Use the stereochemical observation to support your answer. (1 mark)
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